Many “gears” are used for automobiles, but they are also used for many other machines. The most typical one may be the “transmission” that conveys the power of engine to tires. There are broadly two roles the transmission of an automobile plays : one is usually to decelerate the high rotation quickness emitted by the engine to transmit to tires; the other is to improve the reduction ratio relative to the acceleration / deceleration or driving speed of an automobile.
The rotation speed of an automobile’s engine in the general state of traveling amounts to at least one 1,000 – 4,000 rotations each and every minute (17 – 67 per second). Because it is unattainable to rotate tires with the same rotation acceleration to run, it is required to lower the rotation speed utilizing the ratio of the number of gear teeth. This kind of a role is named deceleration; the ratio of the rotation quickness of engine and that of wheels is called the reduction ratio.
Then, why is it necessary to change the reduction ratio in accordance with the acceleration / deceleration or driving speed ? It is because substances require a large force to start moving however they usually do not require this kind of a large force to keep moving once they have began to move. Automobile could be cited as an example. An engine, however, by its character can’t so finely change its output. Consequently, one adjusts its result by changing the reduction ratio employing a transmission.
The transmission of motive power through gears quite definitely resembles the principle of leverage (a lever). The ratio of the amount of teeth of gears meshing with one another can be considered as the ratio of the distance of levers’ arms. That is, if the reduction ratio is large and the rotation quickness as output is low in comparison to that as input, the power output by tranny (torque) will be huge; if the rotation rate as output is not so low in comparison compared to that as insight, on the other hand, the power output by transmitting (torque) will be small. Thus, to change the decrease ratio utilizing tranny is much comparable to the principle of moving things.
Then, how does a transmission change the reduction ratio ? The answer is based on the system called a planetary equipment mechanism.
A planetary gear mechanism is a gear system comprising 4 components, namely, sun gear A, several planet gears B, internal gear C and carrier D that connects world gears as seen in the graph below. It includes a very complex framework rendering its design or production most challenging; it can realize the high reduction ratio through gears, nevertheless, it is a mechanism suited to a reduction mechanism that requires both little size and high performance such as for example transmission for automobiles.
In a planetary gearbox, many teeth are involved at once, which allows high speed reduction to be performed with relatively small gears and lower inertia reflected back again to the motor. Having multiple teeth reveal the load also enables planetary gears to transmit high levels of torque. The mixture of compact size, large speed reduction and high torque tranny makes planetary gearboxes a popular choice for space-constrained applications.
But planetary gearboxes do have some disadvantages. Their complexity in design and manufacturing can make them a more expensive option than various other gearbox types. And precision manufacturing is extremely important for these gearboxes. If 
one planetary gear is put closer to the sun gear compared to the others, imbalances in the planetary gears may appear, resulting in premature wear and failure. Also, the compact footprint of planetary gears makes temperature dissipation more difficult, therefore applications that operate at very high speed or experience continuous operation may require cooling.
When using a “standard” (i.e. inline) planetary gearbox, the motor and the powered equipment must be inline with each other, although manufacturers provide right-angle designs that incorporate other gear sets (often bevel gears with helical tooth) to provide an offset between the input and output.
Input power (max)27 kW (36 hp)
Input speed (max)2800 rpm2
Output torque (Planetary Gear Reduction intermittent)12,880 Nm(9,500 lb-ft)
Output torque (continuous)8,135 Nm (6,000 lb-ft)
1 Actual ratio is dependent on the drive configuration.
2 Max input speed linked to ratio and max output speed
3 Max radial load positioned at optimum load position
4 Weight varies with configuration and ratio selected
5 Requires tapered roller planet bearings (unavailable with all ratios)
Approximate dry weight100 -181 kg (220 – 400 lb)4
Radial load (max)14,287kg (31,500 lb)3
Drive typeSpeed reducer
Hydraulic motor input SAE C or D hydraulic
Precision Planetary Reducers
This standard range of Precision Planetary Reducers are perfect for use in applications that demand high performance, precise positioning and repeatability. They were specifically developed for use with state-of-the-art servo engine technology, providing tight integration of the motor to the unit. Style features include installation any servo motors, regular low backlash, high torsional stiffness, 95 to 97% efficiency and noiseless running.
They can be purchased in nine sizes with reduction ratios from 3:1 to 600:1 and result torque capacities up to 16,227 lb.ft. The output can be provided with a good shaft or ISO 9409-1 flange, for mounting to rotary or indexing tables, pinion gears, pulleys or other drive elements without the need for a coupling. For high precision applications, backlash levels down to 1 arc-minute are available. Right-angle and input shaft versions of the reducers are also obtainable.
Regular applications for these reducers include precision rotary axis drives, traveling gantries & columns, materials handling axis drives and digital line shafting. Industries offered include Material Handling, Automation, Aerospace, Machine Tool and Robotics.
Unit Design &
Construction
Gearing: Featuring case-hardened & ground gearing with minimal use, low backlash and low sound, making them the many accurate and efficient planetaries obtainable. Standard planetary design has three world gears, with an increased torque edition using four planets also obtainable, please see the Reducers with Output Flange chart on the machine Ratings tab beneath the “+” unit sizes.
Bearings: Optional output bearing configurations for software specific radial load, axial load and tilting second reinforcement. Oversized tapered roller bearings are standard for the ISO Flanged Reducers.
Housing: Single piece steel housing with integral ring gear provides better concentricity and get rid of speed fluctuations. The housing can be fitted with a ventilation module to increase insight speeds and lower operational temps.
Result: Available in a solid shaft with optional keyway or an ISO 9409-1 flanged interface. You can expect an array of standard pinions to attach directly to the output design of your choice.
Unit Selection
These reducers are usually selected based on the peak cycle forces, which often happen during accelerations and decelerations. These routine forces rely on the powered load, the velocity vs. time profile for the routine, and any other exterior forces acting on the axis.
For application & selection assistance, please call, fax or email us. The application information will be reviewed by our engineers, who will recommend the best solution for the application.
Ever-Power Automation’s Gearbox products offer high precision in affordable prices! The Planetary Gearbox product offering contains both In-Line and Right-Position configurations, built with the design goal of supplying a cost-effective gearbox, without sacrificing quality. These Planetary Gearboxes are available in sizes from 40mm to 180mm, ideal for motors ranging from NEMA 17 to NEMA 42 and larger. The Spur Gearbox collection provides an efficient, cost-effective option compatible with Ever-Power Automation’s AC Induction Gear Motors. Ever-Power Automation’s Gearboxes are offered in up to 30 different gear ratios, with torque ratings up to 10,488 in-pounds (167,808 oz-in), and are appropriate for most Servo,
SureGear Planetary Gearboxes for Little Ever-Power Motors
The SureGear PGCN series is an excellent gearbox value for servo, stepper, and other motion control applications requiring a NEMA size input/output interface. It offers the best quality designed for the price point.
Features
Wide variety of ratios (5, 10, 25, 50, and 100:1)
Low backlash of 30 arc-min or less
20,000 hour service life
Free of maintenance; requires no additional lubrication
NEMA sizes 17, 23, and 34
Includes hardware for installation to SureStep stepper motors
Optional shaft bushings designed for mounting to other motors
1-year warranty
Applications
Material handling
Pick and place
Automation
Packaging
Additional motion control applications requiring a Ever-Power input/output
Spur gears are a type of cylindrical equipment, with shafts that are parallel and coplanar, and teeth that are straight and oriented parallel to the shafts. They’re arguably the simplest and most common kind of gear – simple to manufacture and ideal for a range of applications.
One’s teeth of a spur gear have got an involute profile and mesh 1 tooth at the same time. The involute type means that spur gears simply generate radial forces (no axial forces), however the method of tooth meshing causes ruthless on the gear the teeth and high noise creation. Because of this, spur gears are often utilized for lower swiftness applications, although they can be utilized at almost every speed.
An involute gear tooth includes a profile this is actually the involute of a circle, which implies that since two gears mesh, they speak to at a person point where the involutes meet. This aspect motions along the tooth areas as the gears rotate, and the kind of force ( known as the line of actions ) is tangent to both foundation circles. Therefore, the gears stick to the fundamental regulation of gearing, which claims that the ratio of the gears’ angular velocities must stay continuous throughout the mesh.
Spur gears could possibly be produced from metals such as metallic or brass, or from plastics such as for example nylon or polycarbonate. Gears manufactured from plastic produce much less audio, but at the trouble of power and loading capacity. Unlike other apparatus types, spur gears don’t encounter high losses because of slippage, so they often times have high transmission overall performance. Multiple spur gears can be employed in series ( known as a gear teach ) to attain large reduction ratios.
There are two primary types of spur gears: external and internal. Exterior gears have one’s teeth that are cut externally surface of the cylinder. Two exterior gears mesh with each other and rotate in opposing directions. Internal gears, on the other hand, have teeth that are cut on the inside surface of the cylinder. An exterior gear sits within the internal equipment, and the gears rotate in the same path. Because the shafts are positioned closer together, internal equipment assemblies are more compact than external gear assemblies. Internal gears are mainly used for planetary gear drives.
Spur gears are generally seen as best for applications that want speed reduction and torque multiplication, such as for example ball mills and crushing equipment. Examples of high- velocity applications that use spur gears – despite their high noise amounts – include consumer appliances such as washers and blenders. And while noise limits the use of spur gears in passenger automobiles, they are generally used in aircraft engines, trains, and even bicycles.
